Delving into the intriguing realm of deep-sea creatures, we encounter the enigmatic and exceptionally rare Megamouth Shark, scientifically known as Megachasma pelagios, lurking in the ocean’s abyss.
This peculiar species, discovered in 1976 and a mystifying presence until 2012, has left a mere 54 sightings or captures worldwide, with a scanty three instances captured on film. A creature of distinction, the Megamouth Shark is set apart by its distinctive feeding habits akin to whale sharks and basking sharks. It engulfs floating organisms and jellyfish, utilizing comb-like structures in its mouth for filtration, perpetually swimming with jaws agape to ensnare its sustenance.
Noteworthy for its exceptionally large head, cavernous mouth, and supple lips, the Megamouth Shark occupies a taxonomic niche within the Megachasmidae family. Though debated, some contend it may share lineage with the Cetorhinidae family of basking sharks.
The Megamouth Shark’s appearance is no less remarkable, with a dorsal side boasting dark brown hues and a
white ventral side, coupled with an asymmetrical tail featuring an upper lobe rivaling the thresher shark’s tail in size.
Remarkably, a Megamouth Shark discovered off the coast of Japan showcased an astonishing size, potentially reaching 5.5 meters. Males typically measure 4 meters, while females attain a length of 5 meters, weighing up to 1,215 kilograms.
As its name implies, the Megamouth Shark boasts an impressively capacious mouth, reaching lengths of up to 1 meter, adorned with small teeth and a broad, round snout, often misleading observers into mistaking it for young orcas.
Further adding to its mystique, the Megamouth Shark’s mouth harbors a luminescent organ, illuminating in the dark to attract both floating creatures and small fish. In terms of reproduction, these sharks are viviparous, with young sharks gestating in eggs within the mother’s womb, hatching internally.
While only 54 individuals of Megamouth Sharks were recorded until 2012, they have been discovered in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. Notably, Japan and Taiwan boast the highest number of sightings, each country registering ten instances. These elusive creatures also navigate the waters near Hawaii, California, Mexico, the Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, and Brazil.
A curious fact about these sharks is their predominantly plankton-based diet, devoid of the menacing sharp teeth stereotypically associated with their name. Their leisurely pace of 1.5–2.1 km/h aligns with the vertical movement pattern observed in various marine species, allowing them to forage efficiently.
In a peculiar case, a Megamouth Shark, captured in March 2009, purportedly descended to depths of 200 meters. An unfortunate incident on Burias Island in the Philippines saw a Megamouth Shark, weighing 880–1,100 pounds (400–500 kg) and measuring 4 meters (13 ft), ensnared in a fisherman’s net, meeting an untimely demise at sea on March 30, 2009.
